Sodium hydroxide, wanda aka fi sani da caustic soda, sofi soda, da caustic alkalive a cikin nau'i flakes, granules, ko bulla. Yana da sauƙin narkewa cikin ruwa (yana fitar da zafi lokacin da aka narkar da ruwa) da kuma samar da maganin alkaline. Yana daɗaɗɗa kuma yana iya sauƙaƙe turɓayar ruwa (dawaka) da carbon dioxide (lalacewa) a cikin iska. Za'a iya ƙara hydrochloric acid don bincika ko ya lalace. A saukake cikin ruwa, ethanol, da Glycerol, amma insolable a cikin acetone da ether. Tsarkakakkiyar samfurin itace mai launi mai launi ne mai haske. Yawa 2.13g / cm3. Melting Point 318 ℃. Tafasai na 1388 ℃. Kayayyakin masana'antu suna ɗauke da ƙananan adadin sodium chloride da sodium carbonate, wanda farin lu'ulu'u ne opaque lu'ulu'u. Bari muyi magana game da aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen sodium hydroxide a cikin kantin sayar da karfe.
1. Don cire mai, amfani da hydroxide sodium hydroxide don amsawa tare da stearic esters a cikin dabbobi da kayan lambu) da glycacon (glycerin). A lokacin da maida hankali da sodium hydroxide rage da PH ya ragu fiye da 10.5, sodium muryar lantarki za a rage daga cirewar mai. Idan maida hankali yayi yawa, karancin satar kayan sodium zai ragu, sakamakon iskar shaye-shaye da iskar shaye-shaye. Sanda na sodium gaba ɗaya bai wuce 100g / l ba. Ana amfani da sodium hydroxide a cikin sassan karfe, kamar su da yawa. Koyaya, sodium hydroxide bai kamata a yi amfani da shi don amfani da sassan baƙin ƙarfe ba kamar aluminium da zinc. Alkaline Digiri na filayen filastik ya dace da abs, polysulfone da aka gyara polystyrene, makabarta phens wanda ba su da tsayayya ga maganin alkaline.
2. Aikace-aikacen mahaifa ①. A cikin lura da aluminium ado kafin hadawa da hadawa, ana amfani da babban adadin sodium hydroxide don Alkali etching. Wannan hanyar ita ce madaidaiciyar hanyar magani kafin aluminium riguna oxidation. Ana amfani da adadin sodium hydroxide don amfani da aluminium rigon rubutu etching. ②. Sodium Hydroxide muhimmin abu ne mai mahimmanci a cikin tsarin sunadarai na aluminum da allura. Hakanan hanya ce ta gama gari a yau. A cikin etching tsari na aluminum da allura, abun sodium hydroxide an sarrafa shi gabaɗaya a 100 ~ 200g / l. , kuma kamar yadda maida hankali da sodium hydroxide yana ƙaruwa, saurin saurin tasowa. Koyaya, idan maida hankali yayi yawa, zai kara farashin. Ingancin ingancin wasu kayan kayan aluminum suna lalata. Amsawar ita ce kamar yadda Ai + Nah + H2o = Naio2 + H2 ↑
3. A cikin aikace-aikacen shirya abubuwa da kayan masarufi, ana amfani da adadi mai yawa na sodium hydroxide da alkaline zinc na. Musamman a cikin alkaline zinc in, isasshen adadin sodium hydroxide shine ainihin yanayin don kula da zaman lafiya na bayani; a cikin wutan lantarki tina ana amfani dashi don daidaitawar pH na karancin ƙarfe na karancin karancin gashi; Amfani da shi don shirye-shiryen maganin zurfin zinc na ambalum kafin aluminium sutthon picing / elexlating, da dai sauransu. Aikace-aikace a cikin cyanide zinc in. Sodium hydroxide wani hadaddun wakili a cikin wanka na fil. Yana cikin hade tare da zinc alƙali don samar da tions zincate, wanda ya sa plaan wanka mafi tsayayye kuma yana inganta wanka da wanka. Sabili da haka, Katuri ya cancanta da watsawa na watsawa na sanya maganin ana inganta su. A lokacin da sodium hydroxide ya yi yawa, akidar ke narkewa da sauri, yana haifar da zinc na zinc a cikin maganin maganin don ƙaruwa da kuma shafi don zama mai wuya. Idan sodium hydroxide ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, wanda ke faruwa a kan maganin warware shi ba shi da kyau, mai da kuma ƙarfin aiki ya ragu, kuma yana da wuya. A cikin maganin maganin da bai ƙunshi sodium hydroxide, karatuttukan kunci ba shi da ƙasa sosai. Kamar yadda maida hankali da sodium hydroxide yana ƙaruwa, catorde da ke tattare da karatuttukan a hankali yana ƙaruwa. Lokacin da maida hankali da sodium hydroxide ya kai wani adadin (kamar 80g / l) topeancin Katako ya kai mafi girman darajar kuma ya zama da gaske akai akai. ②. Aikace-aikace a cikin zincate electroplating: sodium hydroxide wakili ne mai hade da gishiri. Kyakkyawan wuce haddi na sodium hydroxide na iya sa hadaddun ions ya fi tsayayye kuma ku sami amfani mafi kyau don inganta karfin watsawa. , kuma ba da izinin ote don narke kullun. A taro rabo na zinc oxide zuwa sodium hydroxide a cikin zincate na maganin zincate shi ne zai fi dacewa da 1: (10 ~ 14), tare da ƙananan iyaka don rataye apring da babba don farfadowa da ganga. Lokacin da abun cikin sodium hydroxide ya yi yawa, andede glolves yayi yawa da sauri, da maida hankali na zinc ions a cikin wanka yana da girma, kuma murfin shafi yana da girma. Idan abun ciki ya yi ƙasa, wanda ke cikin wanka na tanki yana raguwa, kuma zinc hydroxide hazo ne a sauƙaƙe, wanda ke shafar ingancin haɗin gwiwar. ③. Aikace-aikacen a alkaline tin plating. A cikin alkaline kan plating, babban aikin sodium hydroxide shine samar da barga mai hadari tare da gishiri, inganta halayen da aka rushe. Kamar yadda maida hankali da sodium hydroxide yana ƙaruwa, polarization ya fi ƙarfi kuma ikon watsawa yana ƙaruwa, amma mai karfin aiki ya ragu. Idan sodium hydroxide ya yi yawa, yana da wuya agogon jihar ne don kula da wani yanki na Semi-fasali da kuma narke ingantacciyar hanya. Sabili da haka, sarrafa taro na sodium hydroxide ya fi muhimmanci fiye da sarrafa abun cikin kwarin gishiri. Yawancin lokaci ana sarrafa Sodium Hydroxide a 7 ~ 15g / l, kuma idan potassium hydroxide ana amfani da shi, an sarrafa shi a 10 ~ 20g / l. A cikin alkalami playrogy tsari tsari, sodium hydroxide an yi amfani da shi don daidaita darajar pH na maganin maganin, kula da kwanciyar hankali na maganin. A ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi, ƙara taro na sodium hydroxide na iya ƙara dacewa da saurin jan karfe mara nauyi ba zai iya ƙara ƙarfin kwanciyar hankali ba. Ana amfani da sodium hydroxide da yawa a cikin iskar shaka. Taro na sodium hydroxide kai tsaye yana shafar saurin hadawa da abu. Babban ƙarfe-carbon karfe yana da saurin hade da iskar shaka da ƙananan haɗuwa (550 ~ 650g / l) za a iya amfani da shi. Oxarancin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙarfe mara nauyi na carbon ɗin yana da jinkirin da kuma mafi girma tare (600 ~ 00g / l) za'a iya amfani dashi. Lokacin da aka maida hankali da sodium hydroxide yana da girma, fim ɗin oxide yana da kauri, amma fim ɗin fim ɗin ya kasance mai sako-sako-sako da ƙura, kuma ja ƙura, da ƙura mai laushi yana yiwuwa ya bayyana. Idan maida hankali da sodium hydroxide ya wuce 1100g / l, rubutaccen gashin kai na oxide kuma ba zai iya samar da fim ba. A maida hankali da sodium hydroxide idan ya yi ƙasa sosai, fim ɗin oxide zai zama na bakin ciki kuma farfajiya zai zama mara kyau, kuma karewa zai zama matalauta.
4. Aikace-aikace a cikin kayan girke-girke: sodium hydroxide wani akasari ne aka saba amfani da wakili na neuter don fitar da ruwa daga eleflating, endc.
Lokaci: Satumba-04-2024
