Batun yadda ake amfani da repotation na flotation daidai shine batun yadda za a iya tantance tsarin Medicayi kafin flotation. Tsarin magani yana nufin nau'in reagents da aka kara a lokacin aiwatar da aikin flotation, da kuma wurin DOSING, da sauransu tsarin shuka yana da alaƙa da yanayin A, tsari yana gudana, samfuran sarrafa ma'adinai da ake buƙatar samu, da sauran dalilai. mai alaƙa. Yawancin lokaci ana ƙaddara ta hanyar gwajin Ores ko gwajin masana'antu. Tsarin magunguna muhimmin abu ne mai mahimmanci da ke shafar alamun fasaha da na tattalin arziki na sarrafa ma'adinai.
1. Nau'in magunguna
Nau'in sunadarai da aka yi amfani da su a tsire-tsire na flotation suna da alaƙa da dalilai na nore, tsari yana gudana, da nau'ikan samfuran sarrafa ma'adinai waɗanda ke buƙatar samuwa. Yawancin lokaci ana ƙaddara ta hanyar gwaji na zaɓi ko gwajin masana'antu na Semi-na Ores. An rarrabu da nau'ikan magunguna na magunguna gwargwadon ayyukansu kuma ana iya raba su cikin rukuni uku.
Hanyoyin Foaming: Abubuwan da ke ƙasa da abubuwa masu aiki a kan keɓantar iska. Amfani da shi don samar da coam Layer wanda zai iya iyo daga baya. Wakilai na Foaming sun hada da mai Pine, Cresol mai, giya, da dai sauransu.;
Wakili: Ayyukanta shine don tattara ma'adinan manufa. Wakilin tattara na'uren na iya canza hydrophobiity na ma'adinin ma'adinai kuma sanya manyan kayan minefuls minea bin bubbles. Dangane da ayyukan aikin wakilin, an kasu kashi masu tattara masu tara ba, masu tattara anion da masu tarawa. Masu tattara hukumar da aka saba sun hada da magani baƙar fata, xanthate, farin magani, mai, acid na amsoes, maly man.;
● Adjusters: adjusters sun haɗa da masu kunnawa da masu hana, waɗanda ke canza kaddarorin na saman abubuwan da ke tsakanin ma'adanai da masu tarawa. Hakanan ana amfani da adjusters don canza sinadarai ko na lantarki na kafofin watsa labarai na masu ruwa, kamar canza darajar PH da kuma jihar mai tattarawa. Adjusters sun hada da:
①. PH Adjuster: Lime, sodium carbonate, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide;
②. Mai kunmadawa: jan karfe sulfate, sodium sulfide;
③. Masu hana jini: gishiri mai launin shuɗi, sodium sulfide, sodis sulfate, sodicle chinloid, sitaci, babban m mremer polymer, da sauransu.;
④. Wasu: wakilan weting, jami'ai masu iyo, Silub takin, da sauransu.
2. Sashin magani
Sashi na reagents yayin flotation dole ne kawai. Babu isasshen ko adadin ragi zai shafi index na sarrafa ma'adinai, da kuma sashi mai yawa zai kara farashin aiki ma'adinai. Dangantaka tsakanin sashi na magunguna daban-daban da magungunan flotx shine:
①. Rashin isasshen sashi na mai karɓawa da kuma isasshen hydrophobicity na ma'adanai zai rage darajar murmurewa. Sashi mai wuce gona da iri zai rage ingancin mai da hankali da kawo matsaloli zuwa rabuwa da flotation;
②. Rashin isasshen sashi na wakili na foaming zai kai ga ƙirar ƙirar ƙira, da kuma siyar da yawa zai haifar da "tsintsiya gudu" Phenenon;
③. Idan sashi na mai kunnawa ya yi kankanta, kunyi ba zai zama mai kyau ba, kuma idan sashi ya yi yawa, zai halaka sabon tsari na flotation;
④. Rashin isasshen sashi na masu hana, ƙarancin maida hankali, da kuma yawan sashi mai yawa zai hana ma'adanai da ya kamata ya fito da rage darajar murmurewa.
3. Tsarin kantin magani
Tsarma magani mai magani zuwa ruwa don sauƙaƙe. Wakilai tare da ƙarancin kayan ruwa, kamar xanthate, amylanta siliki, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfde, sodium sulfde, sodium sulfide. Ya kamata a narkar da abin da ke cikin ruwa a cikin ruwa a cikin wani sauran sauran sauran ƙarfi, sannan kuma a ƙara a cikin wani mafi yawan maganin ruwa, kamar masu tarurruka. Ana iya ƙara wasu kai tsaye, kamar # 2 man foda, oleic foda, acid baki, acid baki, acid baki, da sauransu don magunguna da yawa, shirye-shiryen shirye-shirye gabaɗaya 10 zuwa 20%. Misali, an shirya Sidium sulfide a 15% lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi. Don magunguna waɗanda suke narkewa cikin ruwa, za a iya amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta na gargajiya don narke su sannan a shirya su cikin mafi ƙarancin ƙarin ƙarfi.
Zaɓin hanyar shiri na pharmaceututhal shine ya dogara da kaddarorin, ƙarin hanyoyi da ayyukan magunguna. Sashi da sakamakon magani iri ɗaya sun bambanta sosai saboda hanyoyin shirye-shirye daban-daban. Gabaɗaya, hanyoyin shirye-shiryen sune kamar haka:
①. Shirya cikin 2% zuwa 10% aqueous bayani. Yawancin magungunan ruwa masu narkewa suna shirye a wannan hanyar (kamar Xantat, jan jan karfe, gilashin ruwa, da dai sauransu);
②. Shirya tare da sauran ƙarfi. Ana iya narkar da wasu magunguna ruwa wanda aka ruwaito a cikin magungunan musamman. Misali, bao ne wanda ke cikin ruwa, amma mai narkewa a cikin 10% zuwa 20% maganin aniline. Bayan shirya maganin canjin Aniline, ana iya amfani dashi; Don wani misali, aniline baƙar fata magani magani shine insolble cikin ruwa, amma ana iya narkar da wannan maganin aldium hydroxide, sannan a ƙara wannan wakili don shirya aniline An ƙara maganin baƙar fata a cikin wakilin flotation;
③. Tsara cikin dakatar ko emulsion. Don wasu m magunguna waɗanda ba su da sauƙi silili, ana iya tsara su cikin emulsion. Idan warwarewar lemun tsami a cikin ruwa ƙanƙanuwa ne, lemun tsami za a iya ƙasa cikin foda kuma gauraye da ruwa madara), ko ana iya ƙara kai tsaye zuwa ga niƙa a cikin tsari na bushe foda;
④. Safai. Don masu tattara mai acid, epingification shine mafi yawan hanyar gama gari. Misali, lokacin zabar sabulu, an yi amfani da sabulu na paraffis da mai tare a matsayin masu tarawa. Domin zuwa sa mai mai, idan shirya magunguna 10% na ƙwayar sodium da zafi shi don yin sabulu mai kyau;
⑤. Emulsificationction. Hanyar emulsification ita ce amfani da emulsification ultrasonic ko haɓakar motsawa na emulsification. Misali, bayan da emulsification na kitsy da dizal mai, watsawa a cikin slurry na iya ƙaruwa kuma ana iya inganta wakilin wakili. Ƙara wasu emulsifiers zasu sami sakamako masu tasiri. Abubuwa da yawa na farfajiya na iya amfani da su azaman emulsifiers;
⑥. Acidification. Lokacin amfani da mai taron cimic, saboda ƙarancin ƙirar ta, dole ne a bi da shi tare da hydrochloric acid ko acetic acid kafin ta yi amfani da shi don flotation;
⑦. Hanyar Aerosol ita ce sabon hanyar shiri wacce ke haɓaka tasirin magunguna. Asalinta shine amfani da na'urar feshin feya na fesa na musamman don aurar da magunguna a cikin matsakaici da iska mai yawa. , saboda haka ana kiranta "hanyar Aerosol". Yin amfani da wannan hanyar ba wai kawai yana inganta karfin ma'adinan ma'adanai masu amfani ba, amma kuma yana rage yawan magunguna na sunadarai. Misali, mai tattarawa shine 1/3 zuwa 1/4 na kashi na yau da kullun, kuma wakilin kumfa ne kawai 1/5;
⑧. Na iyalan lantarki na reagents. A cikin bayani, ana amfani da yanayin kai tsaye don sinadarin masu karfafa gwiwa, wanda zai iya canza yanayin da suka samo asali, don haka inganta mafi kyawun maganin pharmaceututicals. Manufar ita ce ta ƙara yawan taro don ƙirƙirar barbashi mai narkewa da haɓaka digiri na watsawa cikin ruwa mara nauyi a cikin ruwa. Yawancin lokaci ana iya yin tattarawa da wuraren wasan kwaikwayo na minti 1-2, amma wasu wakilan suna buƙatar ɗimbin ɗabi'a na ja-gaɗi don hana kaiwa.
4. DoSing wuri
Domin bayar da cikakken wasa game da sakamakon karbar flotation, gaba daya a wurin Dosing shine don kara masu tattarawa, kamar yadda aka tattara) cikin injin ƙafar za su ƙirƙiri yanayin da ya dace. An kara mai tara da flother a cikin tanki na farko na flotation.
Idan aikin flotation yana da ganga mai haɗe biyu, mai mai kunawa ya kamata a ƙara ganga na farko da farko, ya kamata a ƙara mai tarawa da furen ganga na biyu. Ya danganta da rawar da wakili a cikin injin flotation, wurin ƙara shima daban.
Misali, akwai sunadarai guda uku: jan karfe sulfate, xanthate, da kuma man barasa na. Janar dosing jerin ne don ƙara sulfate sulfate zuwa tsakiyar tanki na farko na motsa jiki, xanthate zuwa tsakiyar barasa tanki na biyu, da mai barasa barasa zuwa tsakiyar tanki na biyu. Fita. A karkashin yanayi na yau da kullun, tsire-tsire na flotation sun fara ƙara ph adjuster don daidaita ƙimar masu dacewa don dacewa da batun masu tattarawa da masu hana su. Lokacin da ƙara sinadarai, sane cewa wasu cutar masu cutarwa na iya haifar da magunguna don kasawa.
Misali, amsar da ke tsakanin nions da hydride na haifar da hydride ya kasa. Yayin rabuwar tagulla-sulfur, idan karin ions tagulla ya bayyana a cikin tanki mai motsawa, kar a ƙara cyanide zuwa tanki mai motsawa, amma ƙara kai tsaye zuwa iyo ruwa. Zabi Aiki.
5. Dosing jerin
Babban tsari na dosing a cikin shuka flotation ne: Don frotation na raw ore, ya kamata ya zama: ph adjuster, inhiitor ko mai kunnawa; Ma'adanai waɗanda aka hana flotation sune: Mai kunnawa, mai tattarawa, wakili wakili.
6. Hanyar dosing
Akwai wasu lokuta guda biyu na tsakiya da tarawa. Babban ka'idodin gaba ɗaya shine: Ga wakilai waɗanda ke da sauƙi a sauƙaƙe cikin ruwa, da wuya a ɗauke su da wahala, da wuya a ƙara tare, ana iya haɗa su da zarar zaɓaɓɓu. A akasin wannan, waɗannan wakilan da ke sauƙaƙe kwashe su kuma suna sauƙin kwantar da hankali ta hanyar yin hulɗa tare da laka mai kyau da kuma salts mai narkewa a cikin matakai.
Adjusters, masu hana ko wasu masu tattarawa (kamar kerosene) an ƙara su ne a cikin Millar ɗin ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa. Idan akwai ganga masu haɗa guda biyu a cikin aikin flotation, ya kamata a ƙara su a cikin ganga na uku na uku. Sanya mai kunnawa zuwa ganga ɗaya, kuma ƙara mai tara da mai ɗorewa ga ganga na biyu (kamar aikin flandation).
Lokaci: Aug-20-2024
