"Mai Tsaron Karfe Masu Tamani": Dalilin da yasa ake amfani da Dithiophosphates (Baƙaƙen Abubuwa) sosai a cikin ma'adinai

A cikin shuke-shuken da ke shawagi, ana san xanthates a matsayin masu tarawa masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke da ƙarfin tattarawa gabaɗaya. Duk da haka, don inganta dawo da zinare da azurfa ko raba gubar daga zinc, ƙwararrun masana ƙarfe galibi suna ba da shawarar dithiophosphates, waɗanda aka fi sani da "baƙi" saboda launinsu mai duhu, wanda galibi yana da ƙamshi mai kauri. Duk da kamanninsu mara ban mamaki, waɗannan abubuwan haɗin suna ba da fa'idodi daban-daban don magance karafa masu daraja da ma'adanai masu rikitarwa na sulfide.

I. Menene Dithiophosphates (Baƙi Masu Amfani da Shi)?

Dithiophosphates rukuni ne na masu tattarawa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da sinadarai ta hanyar sinadarai. Duk da cewa xanthates suna da ƙarfi, masu tattarawa marasa zaɓe waɗanda ke shawagi da ƙarfe sulfide (pyrite), dithiophosphates sun fi zaɓe. Haka kuma suna da ƙarfi a fannin sinadarai kuma ba sa saurin ruɓewa.

II. Muhimman Fa'idodi

1. Ƙarancin Alaƙa ga Pyrite: Wannan babban fa'ida ne wajen raba gubar ko jan ƙarfe sulfide daga pyrite. Xanthates suma suna yin iyo da pyrite, yayin da dithiophosphates ke nuna ƙarancin ƙarfin tattarawa don pyrite, wanda ke sauƙaƙa rabuwar.
2. Ƙarfin Tarawa na Zinariya da Azurfa: Dithiophosphates suna samar da haɗin sinadarai masu ƙarfi tare da saman ƙarfe masu daraja, wanda hakan ke sa su zama masu tasiri sosai wajen dawo da zinare, azurfa, da platinum. Yawancin masana'antun sarrafa zinare suna ƙara dithiophosphates (misali, Aero 238 ko ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate) a cikin da'irori masu tsaftacewa ko masu tsabta don haɓaka dawo da ƙarfe masu daraja.
3. Sifofin Kumfa: Yawancin dithiophosphates (misali, Aero 238) suna da ikon kumfa na asali, suna rage ko kawar da buƙatar ƙarin kumfa (kamar MIBC ko man pine). Kumfa da ake samarwa yakan yi rauni kuma yana narkewa cikin sauƙi.

III. Nau'ikan da Aka Fi So

• Aero 238 (Alkyl Dithiophosphate): Nau'in ruwa ne da aka saba amfani da shi wanda ke da kaddarorin tattarawa da kuma fitar da kumfa. Ya dace da rabuwar gubar da zinc da kuma dawo da jan karfe da zinare. Yana da ƙamshi mai ƙarfi da kuma kaddarorin lalata.
• Ammonium Dibutyl Dithiophosphate: Ana samunsa a matsayin farin foda (duk da sunan "baƙar fata"). Ba ya lalatawa, ƙamshi mai ƙanƙanta, yana narkewa cikin ruwa. Ya dace da ma'adanai masu ɗauke da azurfa da ma'adanai masu hana ruwa gudu, musamman inda aka fifita matsalolin muhalli.
• Diphenyl Dithiophosphate: Ba a cika samunsa ba, yana da ƙarfin tattarawa. Ana amfani da shi don galena mai narkewa ko mai laushi.

IV. Abubuwan da Za a Yi La'akari da Su a Aiki

• Haɗarin Tsatsa: Dithiophosphates na ruwa (misali, Aero 238) suna da acidic kuma suna da tsatsa. Yi amfani da kayan da ba su da acid don amfani da layin allurai. Dole ne masu aiki su sanya kayan kariya masu kariya (PPE) masu dacewa.
• A Guji Yawan Sha: Yawan shan magani fiye da kima na iya haifar da kumfa mai yawa, wanda ke haifar da ambaliya (“aiki”) daga ƙwayoyin flotation. A daidaita yawan shan magani a hankali, musamman lokacin da ake amfani da kumfa.
• Kinetics Mai Sanyi: Dithiophosphates suna aiki a hankali fiye da xanthates kuma yawanci suna buƙatar lokaci mai tsawo don yin aiki mai kyau.

V. Kammalawa

A tsarin flotation na zamani, dithiophosphates ba maye gurbin xanthates bane, sai dai sinadaran da suka dace. Wata dabara da aka saba amfani da ita ita ce amfani da xanthates don murmurewa da yawa a cikin flotation mai ƙarfi da dithiophosphates don matakai masu tsabta don haɓaka zaɓi da dawo da ƙarfe masu daraja.